Foot pain is a common issue that may affect your daily activities, from walking and exercising to simply standing. Pain may present itself as either acute or chronic. Acute foot pain appears suddenly, often after a direct injury, and acute discomfort typically resolves as the injury heals. Chronic foot pain can persist for an extended period and may develop gradually due to overuse or an underlying medical condition. Here’s information on foot pain, its common causes, and when you may benefit from seeing a specialist:
Common Causes of Foot Pain
Several medical professionals diagnose and treat foot pain. A primary care physician is often the first point of contact for many individuals, as they can manage many common issues. Your primary physician may refer you to a podiatrist, who specializes in foot and ankle health, or an orthopedic surgeon, who focuses on the musculoskeletal system. Physical therapists also play a key role in the rehabilitation and pain management of foot conditions.
Many factors may contribute to pain in the feet and ankles. The complexity of the foot’s structure, which includes 26 bones and numerous joints, makes it susceptible to various types of stress and injury. Foot pain can stem from lifestyle factors, injuries, or underlying health conditions. Some common causes include:
- Plantar Fasciitis: Inflammation of the thick band of tissue (plantar fascia) that runs across the bottom of your foot.
- Achilles Tendinitis: Overuse injury of the Achilles tendon, the band of tissue that connects your calf muscles to your heel bone.
- Bunions: A bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe.
- Stress Fractures: Tiny cracks in a bone, often caused by repetitive force from overuse.
- Arthritis: Inflammation of one or more joints, causing pain and stiffness that can worsen with age.
Common Treatments for Foot Conditions
Treatment plans are tailored to the specific diagnosis, the severity of the condition, and an individual’s overall health. A healthcare provider will recommend a course of action after a thorough evaluation. For many minor injuries and inflammatory conditions, the first line of treatment is often rest, as limiting activities that strain the foot gives tissues time to heal. The RICE method can help reduce swelling and pain by:
- Resting
- Icing
- Compressing
- Elevating
Medical Devices
To provide stability and support, a physician may recommend medical devices. A walking boot can immobilize the foot and ankle after an injury, and custom orthotics are specially made inserts to support your feet and improve mechanics. Night splints can be effective for conditions like plantar fasciitis by stretching the calf and foot arch while you sleep.
Physical Therapy Exercises and Medications
Physical therapy is often a fundamental component of recovery, as it can help restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion. A podiatrist may prescribe exercises or coordinate with a physical therapist to guide you through stretches to aid healing. Over-the-counter or prescription medications may also be recommended to manage pain and inflammation, making it easier to participate in exercises.
When To Visit a Specialist
Mild foot pain often resolves with home care, but certain symptoms warrant a visit to a specialist. You should seek a medical evaluation if you experience severe pain or swelling, have an open wound, or see signs of infection like redness and warmth. If you are unable to walk or put weight on your foot, consulting a specialist is advisable. Individuals with diabetes should be particularly vigilant about foot health and seek prompt care for any concerns.
Learn More About Treating Foot Conditions
Managing foot pain effectively begins with a proper diagnosis from a qualified healthcare professional. If you are experiencing persistent discomfort, scheduling a consultation can provide clarity and a path toward recovery. Contact a foot and ankle specialist today, as they can determine which treatments are most effective for your needs.
