Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that some people develop after experiencing a traumatic event. The event may be one that was life-threatening, such as combat, a natural disaster, or an accident. PTSD affects individuals in different ways, and its symptoms manifest uniquely from person to person. Here is some information about understanding the signs and available treatments for the condition:
Recognizing Symptoms of PTSD
The symptoms of PTSD are generally grouped into four types. An individual might experience them in different ways and at different times. They include:
- Intrusive memories: These are recurring, unwanted, distressing memories of the traumatic event. A person might have flashbacks, reliving the trauma as if it were happening again. Upsetting dreams or nightmares about the event are also possible.
- Avoidance: A person with PTSD might actively avoid reminders of the traumatic event. This could mean staying away from specific places, activities, or people that trigger memories. Some also avoid talking or thinking about what happened.
- Negative changes in thinking and mood: This involves negative thoughts about yourself, others, or the world. Feelings of hopelessness about the future may arise. Memory problems, including not remembering parts of the traumatic event and difficulty maintaining close relationships, are also symptoms.
- Changes in physical and emotional reactions: Arousal symptoms include being easily startled or frightened. A person might be on guard for danger, have trouble sleeping, or experience angry outbursts.Â
Understanding CPTSD
Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) is a related condition. It may develop following prolonged or repeated trauma, such as long-term abuse or captivity. While it shares many symptoms with PTSD, CPTSD often involves additional difficulties. These include challenges with emotional regulation, consciousness, self-perception, and relationships.
Diagnosing the Disorder
Receiving a diagnosis for PTSD involves a comprehensive evaluation by a qualified mental health professional. They will typically conduct an interview and may use assessment tools to understand your symptoms and experiences. To be diagnosed with PTSD, an adult must experience all of the following for at least one month: at least one re-experiencing symptom, one avoidance symptom, two arousal symptoms, and two cognition and mood symptoms. The symptoms must cause distress or interfere with daily functioning.
Treating the Disorder
Several evidence-based treatments are available for PTSD. A mental health provider works with you to determine a suitable approach based on your specific needs. Medication may be prescribed to help manage symptoms like depression and anxiety, but therapy is a primary treatment.
Trauma-focused psychotherapies are effective types of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). They teach you skills to process your trauma and manage your symptoms. Common approaches include Prolonged Exposure (PE), which helps you gradually approach trauma-related memories and situations, and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), which helps you reframe unhelpful beliefs related to the trauma. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is another therapy that helps you process and make sense of your trauma.
Find PTSD Relief Today
Living with PTSD presents challenges, but effective treatments offer a way to manage symptoms and improve your quality of life. The condition is treatable, and many people experience relief with the right support. If you recognize these symptoms in yourself or someone you know, contacting a mental health professional is beneficial. Schedule an appointment today to discuss treatment options.
